DEF:

1.
Online journalism is defined as the reporting of facts produced and distributed via the Internet.
An early leader was The News & Observer in Raleigh, North Carolina. Steve Yelvington wrote on the Poynter Institute website about NandO, owned by The N&O, by saying "Nando evolved into the first serious, professional news site on the World Wide Web -- long before CNN, MSNBC, and other followers." It originated in the early 1990s as "NandO Land".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_journalism#External_links

2.
Online journalism enables the convergence of mediums, such as audio and text to present the news in a more accessible and vibrant manner than traditional media. Many newspapers are adopting such techniques. “At the Age Online, they see a future in the blending of stills, audio and text to produce stories that are told in a way unique to the medium.� (Alysen et al, 2003: 261)
http://wiki.media-culture.org.au/index.php/Online_Journalism_-_Development


3.
Before identifying different kinds of journalism online, one has to explicitly note that the Internet as it can be considered to be affecting journalism can be discussed here in two ways: the inroads it has made into newsrooms and on desktops of journalists working for all media types in terms of Computer-Assisted Reporting (CAR); and how it has created its own professional type of newswork: online journalism (Deuze, 1999). Using the Internet as a reporting tool for 'traditional' media - all media except the Internet - can be typified as the use and availability of searchable archives, databases and news sources on the Internet by journalists.

http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue6_10/deuze/index.html



4.
the 'fourth' kind of journalism that differs in its characteristics from traditional types of journalism. Online journalism can be functionally differentiated from other kinds of journalism by using its technological component as a determining factor in terms of (operational) definition. The online journalist has to make decisions on which media formats best tell a certain story (multimediality), has to allow room for options for the public to respond, interact or even customize certain stories (interactivity) and must consider ways to connect the story to other stories, archives, resources and so on through hyperlinks (hypertextuality). This is the 'ideal-typical' form of online journalism.

5.
Online journalism is still the wild wild west, says Rich Jaroslovsky, managing editor of The Wall Street Journal Interactive Edition. ( def. 補充???)



6.everything is content online, including banner ads, chatrooms, research papers and what not. Editorial content is defined here as texts (including written and spoken word, moving and still images), produced and/or edited by journalists.







adv and dis:

Several scholars have studied the effects of CAR on journalists and newswork, concluding that beyond obvious benefits (more information, more sources, more checks and balances freely available), many reporters and editors felt nervous and concerned about the 'omnipresence' of the Internet in their work (Singer, 1997a and 1997b). Research at the BBC in Great Britain also revealed the unrest new media technologies have created in the newsroom; journalists reported lack of time to adequately use and master the technology, feeling stressed because of the 'immediate' nature of the Internet (Cottle, 1999).



types:
1. Mainstream News sites

the mainstream news site, generally offering a selection of editorial content (be it shoveled from a linked parent medium or produced originally for the Web) and a minimal, often moderated form of participatory communication (Schultz, 1999; Jankowski and Van Selm, 2000; Kenney, Gorelik and Mwangi, 2000).



2. Index & Category sites
Here online journalists offer (deep-) links to existing news sites elsewhere on the World Wide Web, which links are sometimes categorized and even annotated by editorial teams. Such sites generally do not offer much editorial content of their own, but do at times offer areas for chat or exchanging news, tips and links by the general public - for instance maintaining some kind of bulletin board system (BBS). A well-known example thereof is the option most search engines offer to 'add a site', which site will then be subjected to editorial scrutiny.



3. Meta & Comment sites


4. Share & Discussion sites
A))between content and connectivity

B))it is 'just' a communications infrastructure (Rushkoff, 2000). Online journalism as the fourth type of journalism online utilizes this potential of the Internet in that it primarily facilitates platforms for the exchange of ideas, stories and so on, sometimes centered around a specific theme such as world-wide anti-globalization activism


http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue6_10/deuze/index.html

Characteristics:
1. Hypertextuality
as one opens up new content, the other in fact leads to a spiraling down of content.


2. Multimediality
if one distinguishes multimediality in news sites as a result of convergence of media modalities.




3. Interactivity
navigational interactivity (through 'Next Page' and 'Back to Top' buttons or scrolling menubars), functional interactivity (through direct mailto: -links, Bulletin Board Systems (BBS) and moderated discussion lists for example), or adaptive interactivity (offering chatrooms and personal customization through 'smart webdesign'; see Guay, 1995).


http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue6_10/deuze/index.html



E-Journalism

Internet delivered Email, voice and video links allow contemporary reporters to maintain global links with their editors and participate in editorial conferences where stories are discussed. Text, vision and audio items are created in digitised files which may be easily transmitted to base by telephone, satellite link or radio broadcast.


The Internet allows the polished digitised product to be published globally; wherever computers are linked to the telecommunications grid. Deadlines can become meaningless as material can be filed quickly and maintained on the web indefinitely.


http://www.rthk.org.hk/mediadigest/20020415_76_21467.html


how to report a sotry online:

readers and respect by taking a few steps to ensure that the stuff you're "throwing out there" actually is true.


b)) Observation
Your five senses can provide the details that help a make an otherwise dry story come to life for a reader.



c)) Looking through documents
Online reporters can find thousands of stories lurking within public data. Government databases on crime, school test scores, population statistics, accident reports, environmental safety and more can keep a motivated writer busy for years.




a))Interviews
Want to know what's happening? Find people who know and talk to them. The best sources are folks who were or are directly involved in the incident or subject that you're covering.